HIMSHAPA/SHIMSHAPA

शिंशपा कटुकातिक्ता कषाया शोथ हारिणी Ι

उष्णावीर्या हरेन्मेद:कुष्ठश्र्वीत्रवमिक्रूमीन  Ι

बस्तीरुग्रवणदाहस्त्रबलासान  गर्भपातिनी ΙΙ भ. प्र.

Botanical Name: Dalbergia sissoo. Roxb.

·         Classification:§  According To Modern

o   Kingdom – Plantae

o   Order –  Rosales

o   Family –  Papilionaceae

§  According To Ayurveda

• Charak- kasaya skandha dravya
• Asavayoni
• Sushruta- sakasaradu gana
• Bhavprakash- vatadi varga
• Vagbhata-Asanadi,Mushkakadi
• Kaiydeva Nighantu-Oushadhi Varga
• Dhanvantari Nighantu-Amradi Varga
• Raja Nighantu-Prabhadradi Varga

§  Other Names Of  Himshapa plant

English Name : South Indian Red wood.

Hindi  : Sisam

Kannada : Birade

Malayalam – Iruvil

Marathi – Sissu

Sanskrit Names-

Vrutta Patra,Mandalpatrika-Circular leaves

Bhasmagarbha,Krishnasara,Picchila

Common names

Indian rosewood,

East Indian rosewood,

dalbergia,

Himalaya raintree,

Indian dalbergia,

penny leaf tree,

penny-leaf tree,

shisham,

sisso,

sissoo

• General Information :

Habit- a tall tree reaching 50 ft. in height. Branches- has got numerous brnches, spreading. Leaves- compound, alternate, imparipinnate, leaf rhachis are zigzag in nature. Leaflets are 3 to 5, 4 to 6 cm long and 3 to 5 cm wide & acuminate. Inflorescence – Axillary panicles. Flowers- sessile, pale yellow in colour. Fruits- pods, 4 to 10 cm long, 0.5 to 1 cm wide, narrowed at the base into a long stalk, seeds 1 to 4 number.

• Types Of Plant’s:

As per Raja Nighantu-there are 3 types of Shimshapa.

Krushna(black)

Shweta(white)

Kapila(grey)

Dalbergia latifolia is also used in the name of Shinshapa(PV Sharma)

• Properties (Gunadharma):
  • Rasa -kashyap, katu tikta.
  • Vipak-katu.
  • Virya –Ushna.
  • Guna – laghu.
• Specific Parts:

Leaf, sara, bark, root.

• Doshaghnata:

Tridoshashamak.

• Shlok:

           शिंशपा कटुकातिक्ता कषाया शोथ हारिणी Ι

           उष्णावीर्या हरेन्मेद:कुष्ठश्र्वीत्रवमिक्रूमीन  Ι 

           बस्तीरुग्रवणदाहस्त्रबलासान  गर्भपातिनी ΙΙ भ. प्र.

शिंशपा कटू का तिक्ता कषां या गर्भपातीनी l

उष्णविर्या हरेन् मेद :कफदाहवमि व्रणान l l

शोषकुष्ठ कृमिश्वित्रबस्तीरुक्पीनसानपी l कै नि

कटूष्ण कंडूदोषघ्नं बस्तीरोगविनाशनमl

शिंशपा युगुलं वर्ण्य हिक्काशोफो विसर्जयेत l

पित्तदाहप्रशमनं बल्यं रुचीकरं परम् l l ध नि

• Benefits :
• External-

Mucilage of shisham leaves mixed with the sweet oil.This prepared mixture is used to apply on bruised and damages skin for healing.

Leave decoction of Shisham is used for washing the ulcers and wound.

Local application of shisham oil is advisiable in itching,burning and ulcer area.

Internal-

The root should be used in atisara and pravahika being stambhana. Its leaf should be used in agnimandya ,  shoola and pravahika. Being deepana, vatanulomana qand malastambhana its sara should be used in krimi. Being krimighna and in atisara; its choorna should be given in hikka and shvasa. It should be used in anartava and kashtartava beg garbhashayasakkochaka and artavajanana.

Its patra- svarasa is indicated in pradara, pooyameha and lalameha. Saraquatha is useful in vasameha.

Vasa meha (Lipuria)

Decoction prepared from simsapa (Dalbergia sisso) is considered as one of the best single drug therapy in case of vasa meha.

Twak roga (Skin diseases)

Tila (sesamum indicum) oil is processed with simapa (Dalbergia sissoo) kasta is applied over the sking in case of diseases of skin.

Shimshapa leaves extract is used for treating secondary amenorrhoea.

Its heartwood is useful in correction of lipid profile-lower LDL and VLDL and increasing HDL.

Leave decoction of Shisham is used in treatment of gonorrhoea.

Heartwood of Shimshapa is used for the treatment of leprosy,boils,vomiting

Root decoction of Shimshapa is used to treat diarrhea and dysentry.

Bark of Shisham is used to treat vata disoders such as sciatica,hemiplegia.Take 10 kg powder of Shisham bark and boil it in 23.5 litre of water.reduced this till 1.8 lit.Strain this solution. cook this solution till gets thick.Take this solution 10gm with ghee and milk for 21 days for complete recovery.

According to Acharya Shushruta,Shimshapa sara ksheerapaka is used to treat fever.

Heartwood of Shimshapa is used to treat herpes,vitiligo and fever.

To control the heavy bleeding during menses,kalka of 8-10 shisham leaves with sugar(25gm) is advisiable.

The Black Variety of Shimshapa-Shyama Shimshapa-

Tikta-bitter

Katu-Pungent

Ushna-Hot

Balances Kapha and Vata Dosha

Deepya-Improves digestion strength

Indicated in-

Nashta Ajeerna-chronic indigestion

Shopha-Inflammation

Atisara-Diarrhoea,Dysentry

Sweta Shimshapa-White variety-

Tikta-Bitter

ShishirCoolent

Pittahara-useful in pitta mbalance disoders such as gastritis,burning sensation etc

indicated in

Daha-burning sensation,as in gastritis,neuropathy,burning sensation in eyes etc.

Kapila Shimshapa-Grey variety

Abortifacient-induces abortion

Tikta-bitter

Sheeta-coolent

Shramahara-Relieves tirednessfatigue

Indicated in-

Vatapittaja Jwara-fever with Vata and pitta imbalance

Chardi-Vomiting

Hikka-Hiccups

• Formulation:

Quatha – 40 to 80 ml.

Choorna – 1 to 2 gm.

Patra- Svarasa- 10 to 20 ml.

Kalpa-

Ayaskriti

Asanadi Kashayam

Narsimha Rasayana

• Research Corner :

A study done to evaluate Antifertility effects of Dalbergia sissoo in male mice. Histologically, testes of Dalbergia-treated mice showed dissimilar degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules. Significant reductions were noted

1. In epididymal sperm motility, viability nd number, and
2. In serum level of testosterone in Dabergia-treated mice compared to controls. However, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase , aspartate aminotransferase and creatinine , and haemotological parameters were not affected. Also libido of Dalbergia treated males showed no change, but their fertility was markedly suppressed.

Side Effects-

It is not given in pregnancy and lactating mothers.

Shisham root is avoided during constipation

Shisham leave extract is not given during heavy menses.